Hibernate最基础的项目搭建与配置

好久没有碰SSH相关的代码了，许多都生疏了，重新温习一下并记录过程。

  本实例中所用hibernate版本为4.3.5，可以直接下载hibernate-release-4.3.5.Final.zip解压出来，里面包含hibernate所必须的jar以及相关的文档，选择hibernate-release-4.3.5.Final\lib\required下的jar；需要的jar还包括mysql的mysql-connector-java-5.1.21.jar。

1.hibernate-release-4.3.5.Final.zip 可以从官网或者csdn里下载，也可以点击下载

2.创建实例所需的数据表

1）创建数据库

create database hibernate_01;

2）切换进入数据库

use hibernate_01;

3）创建数据表

create table student(id int primary key, name varchar(50), age int, sex varchar(2));

 //主键暂时设置成自己手动输入

3.创建java project,，项目名为Hibernate_01，引入所需jar，hibernate-release-4.3.5.Final\lib\required下的所有jar以及mysql-connector-java-5.1.21.jar。

4.创建hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件

最好是直接从hibernate-release-4.3.5.Final/documentation/manual/en-US/html_single/index.html中拷贝，在网页中输入hibernate.cfg.xml查找复制粘贴即可，熟练了也可以自己手写，修改成mysql对应的信息（数据库方言，用户名，密码，数据库名等），hibernate.cfg.xml配置如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration>    <session-factory>        <!-- Database connection settings -->        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate_01</property>        <property name="connection.username">root</property>        <property name="connection.password">root</property>        <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>        <!-- SQL dialect -->        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>        <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>        <!-- Disable the second-level cache  -->        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property>        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->        <property name="show_sql">true</property>        <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->        <!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->        <mapping resource="com/bobo/app/model/Student.hbm.xml"/>    </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

5.创建实体类Student.java

package com.bobo.app.model;public class Student {private int id;private String name;private int age;private String sex;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public String getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(String sex) {this.sex = sex;}}

6.创建实体映射文件Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC   "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"   "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.bobo.app.model"><class name="Student" table="student"><id name="id" column="id"></id><property name="name" column="name" type="string"></property><property name="age" column="age" type="int"></property><property name="sex" column="sex" type="string"></property></class></hibernate-mapping>

7.创建测试文件StudentTest.java

package com.bobo.app;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;import com.bobo.app.model.Student;public class StudentTest {public static void main(String[] args) {Student obj = new Student();obj.setId(1);obj.setName("jack");obj.setAge(25);obj.setSex("男");Configuration cfg = new Configuration();SessionFactory sf = cfg.configure().buildSessionFactory();Session session = sf.openSession();session.beginTransaction();session.save(obj);session.getTransaction().commit();session.close();sf.close();}}

8.运行程序，sql查询测试证明插入数据成功。

select *  from student;

9.改进代码

上面的代码有警告提示：The method buildSessionFactory() from the type Configuration is deprecated；hibernate3以前用的方法buildSessionFactory在4以后的不同版本有所不同，本版本下修改为：

package com.bobo.app;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;import com.bobo.app.model.Student;public class StudentTest {public static void main(String[] args) {Student obj = new Student();obj.setId(2);obj.setName("jack");obj.setAge(25);obj.setSex("男");Configuration cfg = new Configuration();cfg.configure();ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(            cfg.getProperties()).build();SessionFactory sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);Session session = sf.openSession();session.beginTransaction();session.save(obj);session.getTransaction().commit();session.close();sf.close();}}

至此，hibernate最基础的应用就结束了，本实例源码点击下载。