Axis开发Web Service实例

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·                                  一、Axis安装

  1、环境 J2SE SDK 1.3 or 1.4:我使用 1.4.2
    Servlet Container:我使用的Tomcat 5.0
  2、到 http://ws.Apache.org/axis/网站下载Axis安装包
  3、解压缩安装包,将Axis UNZIP_PATH/Axis-version/webapps下的Axis包拷贝到TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/下,以下约定Axis_HOME为该TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/axis目录
  4、启动tomcat, 访问http://localhost:8080/axis检查安装是否成功
  5、以上步骤执行成功,可以开发webservice例子了
  Axis支持三种web service的部署和开发,分别为:
  1、Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)
  2、Stubs方式
  3、Dynamic Proxy方式
二、编写DII(Dynamic Invocation Interface )方式web服务
  1.编写服务端程序SayHello.java
        public class SayHello {
            public String getName(String name) {
                return "hello "+name;
            }
        }

  2、将源码拷贝到Axis_HOME下,重命名为SayHello.jws
  3、访问连接http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws?wsdl,页面显示Axis自动生成的wsdl
  4、编写访问服务的客户端 SayHelloClient.java
        import org.apache.Axis.client.Call;
        import org.apache.Axis.client.Service;
        import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
        import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
        import java.net.MalformedURLException;
        import java.rmi.RemoteException;
        public class SayHelloClient {
            public static void main(String[] args) {
                try {
                    String endpoint = "http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws";
                    Service service = new Service();
                    Call call = null;
                    call = (Call) service.createCall();
                    call.setOperationName(new QName("http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws",
      "getName"));
                    call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(endpoint));
                    String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] {"someone's name"});
                    System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
                } 
                catch (Exception ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

三、编写Dynamic Proxy方式访问服务
  1、编写部署服务端程序,同上边DII方式,本次仍使用上边部署的HelloClient
  2、编写代理接口
        public interface HelloClientInterface extends java.rmi.Remote {
            public String getName(String name) throws java.rmi.RemoteException;
        }
  3、编写并执行客户端程序TestHelloClient.java
        import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
        import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
        import java.net.URL;
        import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
        public class TestHelloClient {
            public static void main(String[] args) {
                try {
                    String wsdlUrl = "http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws?wsdl";
                    String nameSpaceUri = "http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws";
                    String serviceName = "SayHelloService";
                    String portName = "SayHello";
                    ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance();
                    Service afService = serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl), new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName));
                    HelloClientInterface proxy = (HelloClientInterface)
                afService.getPort(new QName(nameSpaceUri, portName), HelloClientInterface.class);
                    System.out.println("return value is "+proxy.getName("someone's name") ) ;
                } catch(Exception ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace() ;
                }
            }
        }
四、编写wsdd发布web服务,编写stub client访问web服务
  1、编写服务端程序SayHello.java,编译SayHello.java
        package server;
        public class SayHello {
            public String getName(String name) {
                return "hello "+name;
            }
        }
      2.  编写LogHandler.java
        import org.apache.axis.AxisFault;
        import org.apache.axis.Handler;
        import org.apache.axis.MessageContext;
        import org.apache.axis.handlers.BasicHandler;
        import java.util.Date;
        public class LogHandler extends BasicHandler {
            public void invoke(MessageContext msgContext) throws AxisFault {
                /** Log an access each time we get invoked. */
                try {
                    Handler serviceHandler = msgContext.getService();
                    Integer numAccesses = (Integer)serviceHandler.getOption("accesses");
                    if (numAccesses == null) numAccesses = new Integer(0);
                    numAccesses = new Integer(numAccesses.intValue() + 1);
                    Date date = new Date();
                    String result = date + ": service " + msgContext.getTargetService() + " accessed " + numAccesses + " time(s).";
                    serviceHandler.setOption("accesses", numAccesses);
                    System.out.println(result);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw AxisFault.makeFault(e);
                }
            }
        }
  3、编写wsdd文件
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <deployment xmlns= "http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/"
  xmlns:java= "http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/providers/java">
           <handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/> 
           <service name="SayHello" provider="java:RPC">
              <requestFlow>
                   <handler type="print"/>
              </requestFlow>
              <parameter name="className" value="server.SayHello"/>
              <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/>
           </service>
        </deployment>
  4、将编译后的SayHello.class和LogHandler.class文件拷贝到Axis_HOME/WEB-INF/classes下,如:D:/tomcat/webapps/axis/WEB-INF/classes
  5、发布服务:
  java org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient deploy.wsdd
  6、生成client stub文件
  方式一:jws即时自动部署
  将SayHello.java拷贝到Axis_HOME/services目录下,重命名为SayHello.jws,执行下面的命令生成client stub
       java org.apache.axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java -p client  http://localhost:8080/axis/services/SayHello.jws?wsdl

  注意:这种方式要求在你写的类中不能有具体包的信息,因为这正是Axis即时部署不支持的。由于在SayHello.java中特意加入了"package server;",因此不能采用jws即时自动部署。

  自动部署相当简单,但当你需要:

  .映射自己的类型时
  .不需要暴露源代码时
  .需要自己的路径和包管理时
  .对用户操作Web Services的事件进行相应时
  就需要通过WSDD来自定义部署。
  方式二:通过WSDD自定义部署
  执行如下命令生成SayHello.wsdl
       java org.apache.axis.wsdl.Java2WSDL -oSayHello.wsdl -lhttp://localhost:8080/axis/services/SayHello -nSayHello server.SayHello
  执行如下命令生成client stub
      java org.apache.axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java SayHello.wsdl  -p client
  这时在当前目录下生成了client子目录,在client目录中生成的stub client文件列表为:
  (1).SayHello_PortType.java
  (2).SayHelloService.java
  (3).SayHelloServiceLocator.java
  (4).SayHelloSoapBindingStub.java
  6、编写客户端程序,编译并执行
        import client.*;

        public class SayHelloClient {
            public static void main(String[] args){
                try{
                    SayHelloService service = new client.SayHelloServiceLocator();
                    client.SayHello_PortType client = service.getSayHello();
                    String retValue=client.getName("someone's name");
                    System.out.println(retValue);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.err.println("Execution failed. Exception: " + e);
                }
            }
        }
  您也可以编写server-config.wsdd,存放在Axis_HOME/WEB-INF目录下。

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
  <globalConfiguration>
   <parameter name="adminPassword" value="admin"/>
   <parameter name="attachments.implementation"
value="org.apache.axis.attachments.AttachmentsImpl"/>
   <parameter name="sendXsiTypes" value="true"/>
   <parameter name="sendMultiRefs" value="true"/>
   <parameter name="sendXMLDeclaration" value="true"/>
   <parameter name="axis.sendMinimizedElements" value="true"/>
   <requestFlow>
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">
     <parameter name="scope" value="session"/>
    </handler>
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">
     <parameter name="scope" value="request"/>
     <parameter name="extension" value=".jwr"/>
    </handler>
   </requestFlow>
  </globalConfiguration>
  <handler name="LocalResponder" type="java:org.apache.axis.transport.local.LocalResponder"/>
  <handler name="URLMapper" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.URLMapper"/>
  <handler name="Authenticate" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.SimpleAuthenticationHandler"/>
  <handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/>
  <service name="sayhello" provider="java:RPC">
   <requestFlow>
    <handler type="print"/>
   </requestFlow>
   <parameter name="className" value="server.SayHello"/>
   <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/>
  </service>
  <transport name="http">
   <requestFlow>
    <handler type="URLMapper"/>
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.HTTPAuthHandler"/>
   </requestFlow>
  </transport>
  <transport name="local">
   <responseFlow>
    <handler type="LocalResponder"/>
   </responseFlow>
  </transport>
  </deployment>
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