制作python模块安装包

来源：互联网发布：linux本地安装包编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/10 14:15

python的第三方模块越来越丰富，涉及的领域也非常广，如科学计算、图片处理、web应用、GUI开发等。当然也可以将自己写的模块进行打包或发布。一简单的方法是将你的类包直接copy到python的lib目录，但此方式不便于管理与维护，存在多个python版本时会非常混乱。现介绍如何编写setup.py来对一个简单的python模块进行打包。

一、编写模块
进入项目目录
#cd /home/pysetup

#vi foo.py

class MyClass():
def __init__(self):
self.blog = "http://blog.liuts.com"

def printblog(self):
print self.blog

def printBblog(self):
print self.blog.swapcase()

二、编写setup.py
#vi setup.py

from distutils.core import setup
setup(name='Myblog',
version='1.0',
description='My Blog Distribution Utilities',
author='Liu tiansi',
author_email='liutiansi@gmail.com',
url='http://blog.liuts.com',
py_modules=['foo'],
)

三、setup.py参数说明

引用

#python setup.py build     # 编译
#python setup.py install    #安装
#python setup.py sdist      #生成压缩包(zip/tar.gz)
#python setup.py bdist_wininst  #生成NT平台安装包(.exe)
#python setup.py bdist_rpm #生成rpm包

或者直接"bdist 包格式"，格式如下：

引用

#python setup.py bdist --help-formats
  --formats=rpm      RPM distribution
  --formats=gztar    gzip'ed tar file
  --formats=bztar    bzip2'ed tar file
  --formats=ztar     compressed tar file
  --formats=tar      tar file
  --formats=wininst  Windows executable installer
  --formats=zip      ZIP file

四、打包
#python setup.py sdist

引用

root@zhukai-Inspiron-3420:/data0/python# python setup.py sdist
running sdist
running check
warning: sdist: manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' does not exist (using default file list)

warning: sdist: standard file not found: should have one of README, README.txt

writing manifest file 'MANIFEST'
creating Myblog-1.0
making hard links in Myblog-1.0...
hard linking foo.py -> Myblog-1.0
hard linking setup.py -> Myblog-1.0
creating dist
Creating tar archive
removing 'Myblog-1.0' (and everything under it)

提示两条warning可以忽略，不影响打包，当然一个完善的项目必须有README及MANIFEST.in(项目文件清单)文件。
#ls dist

Myblog-1.0.tar.gz

五、安装
#tar -zxvf Myblog-1.0.tar.gz
#cd Myblog-1.0.tar.gz
#python setup.py install (此命令大家再熟悉不过了)

引用

running install
running build
running build_py
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6
copying foo.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6
running install_lib
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/foo.py -> /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages
byte-compiling /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/foo.py to foo.pyc
running install_egg_info
Writing /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/Myblog-1.0.egg-info

六、测试

引用

root@zhukai-Inspiron-3420:/home/zhukai/桌面/Myblog-1.0# python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 20 2012, 22:39:59)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from foo import MyClass
>>> app=MyClass()
>>> app.printblog
<bound method MyClass.printblog of <foo.MyClass instance at 0x7f3607d79440>>
>>> app.printblog()
http://www.baidu.com
>>> app.printcaseblog()
HTTP://WWW.BAIDU.COM
>>>

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