CentOS6.4配置Hadoop-2.6.0集群配置安装指南(经过实战演练)【张振华.Jack】

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作者：张振华(Jack)

第一步:所需系统信息：64位CentOS系统

[root@systdt etc]# uname -aLinux systdt 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[root@systdt etc]# cat /etc/issueCentOS release 6.4 (Final)
下载：hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz
地址：http://apache.fayea.com/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.6.0/
JDK：jdk1.7.0_71
三台虚拟机地址：10.2.10.27 10.2.10.53 192.168.83.204

     这里需要注意：请一定要用64位的Linux操作系统；当然非要用32位的操作系统也可以，那需要将hadoop-2.6.0-src.tar.gz 下载下来在32位的操作系统上面从新编译；然后才可以用否则会保存，编译时间大概在1个小时左右；

第二步:需要实现三台虚拟机之间ssh无密码登录

生成公钥密钥对：

[root@systdt /]# ssh-keygen -t rsa  Generating public/private rsa key pair.  Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):  Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):  Enter same passphrase again:  Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.  Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.  The key fingerprint is:  98:3c:31:5c:23:21:73:a0:a0:1f:c6:d3:c3:dc:58:32 root@gifer  The key's randomart image is:  +--[ RSA 2048]----+  |.   E.=.o        |  |.o = @ o .       |  |. * * =          |  | o o o =         |  |  .   = S        |  |       .         |  |                 |  |                 |  |                 |  +-----------------+

看到图形输出，表示密钥生成成功，cd /root/.ssh/目录下多出两个文件

私钥文件：id_raa
公钥文件：id_rsa.pub

将三台虚拟机里(包含它自己的)的公钥文件id_rsa.pub内容放到authorized_keys(一定要有三个)文件中：

举其中一个为例如下：配置SSH无密码登录不懂的请点击查看这篇文章

[root@systdt2 ~]# cd ~/.ssh/[root@systdt2 .ssh]# lltotal 16-rw------- 1 root root 1578 Dec 26 19:53 authorized_keys-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Dec 26 17:40 id_rsa-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  394 Dec 26 17:40 id_rsa.pub-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2359 Dec 26 19:42 known_hosts[root@systdt2 .ssh]# cat authorized_keys ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0cumFYUuxCq+sjSP2yBrk0W+Um/39rA1R4tGExfMyajsCrjUAZUZU6X3MWwCs+j17GQ0Ptj7erfY2bOi5VOM5BCtjdK6h2yWacGV77DkUYwip+mFB42ra9Z6zcaEzVGU52/R3timVQlNtQbL4w7UaOLynGJmhhJ+1KueAXUsNpBCbqEEqin7X3KHaa89LHaJT6hd9szoO6nsfSI2WEGgSyYfdPT63/LMsCRrCmvBKTYbFXWE0z18x8+2zMmc8QqbyGmmO24172DAtr13NEbRxT35PaNx0rvgFI/okq9Jy4TXY9c1HUzQFOARrc8G0JVmZsbfgKtHuuGBBZqsFnGeeQ== root@systdtssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAmp21AqbuCUhjtI+iKhOtW7D/cJENROMNNs9myNtdeTdbrTCvzhuDMpTWmvnDxN/wzI9O/MOO6064zlb7kvtRUdq66ARc3Fj/0yS2BTODRZlHY+DrcjUJyP9Eex4rZ+h/PNj5+8YQeba6y1myT3lXQJQEGqw3LgNcQkIvn8YeiB82GeuISgb0X8rNQGUHbIFUCNKbj1JLSGotJJhiuboIGbW6blCfDAB5HO1FxJUpTtdgoLyQgaHxwAEPfgG1Z+Rr/Tmb8mWlEmsZ2tUURsQbREOmHTQbkgEqEVoES10e1YFNKvg0otGaeFvrZshC/Or8gWASOlCO5Dyzc+qAcQ39rw== root@systdt2ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAvV89vN/BFcSBquFa49JQ7t6j0t3xKnyiudlrUckngKmRkhuH6cjjjOrrTqcYld0tWGcSuPWpHC3hyFw4wCUAV1FC/+bQ3rkQxvyGySNgPK7f3vD2XQiSwMjyBeT15Ucxkl6oxVSg8DofHQn0GGhNJb/Hzx2fmN5SHBqUaPvCR9MKdSAiV69X6ep5QRi+E04aPnONrOW0YOrzAQGdGkJktYohoGJwiFCDCrK06GVqHCJrnylgrLA4KFLs4pu94EBEB5vK0f4Fod5MHddjDEYdrYExBQo6qDVKDRl7r1kXfRHzIaZoTOWN83WBc1kROLuxPnytUVEBsvUjn5lML1pCxQ== root@apptools01

测试SSH之间是否互相通，如果通了，这步算完成，很重要；

[root@systdt etc]# ssh 10.2.10.27[root@systdt ~]# ssh 10.2.10.53[root@systdt2 ~]# ssh 192.168.83.204Last login: Fri Dec 26 19:42:21 2014 from 10.2.10.27-bash-4.1# -bash-4.1#

第三步:先配置一台Master.Hadoop是OK的(10.2.10.27作为主机)；
1）解压hadoop-2.6.0

2）配置环境变量：vi /etc/profile 在最后面添加如下代码：

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/www/jdk1.7.0_71export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/www/hadoop-2.6.0export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:

使之生效：[root@systdt www]# source /etc/profile
3）vi /etc/hosts文件在最后面添加如下内容：

[root@systdt www]# cat /etc/hosts10.2.10.27 Master.Hadoop10.2.10.53 Salve1.Hadoop192.168.83.204 Salve2.Hadoop

4）cd /opt/www/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop

[root@systdt hadoop]# lltotal 128-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3589 Dec 26 19:07 capacity-scheduler.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1335 Dec 26 19:07 configuration.xsl-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   318 Dec 26 19:07 container-executor.cfg-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1108 Dec 26 19:07 core-site.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3670 Dec 26 19:07 hadoop-env.cmd-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3481 Dec 26 19:07 hadoop-env.sh-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1774 Dec 26 19:07 hadoop-metrics2.properties-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2490 Dec 26 19:07 hadoop-metrics.properties-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  9201 Dec 26 19:07 hadoop-policy.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1400 Dec 26 19:07 hdfs-site.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1449 Dec 26 19:07 httpfs-env.sh-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1657 Dec 26 19:07 httpfs-log4j.properties-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    21 Dec 26 19:07 httpfs-signature.secret-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   620 Dec 26 19:07 httpfs-site.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11118 Dec 26 19:07 log4j.properties-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   938 Dec 26 19:07 mapred-env.cmd-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1383 Dec 26 19:07 mapred-env.sh-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4113 Dec 26 19:07 mapred-queues.xml.template-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1395 Dec 26 19:07 mapred-site.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1159 Dec 26 19:07 mapred-site.xml.template-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    28 Dec 26 20:11 slaves-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2316 Dec 26 19:07 ssl-client.xml.example-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2268 Dec 26 19:07 ssl-server.xml.example-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2237 Dec 26 19:07 yarn-env.cmd-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4605 Dec 26 19:07 yarn-env.sh-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1570 Dec 26 19:07 yarn-site.xml

5) [root@systdt hadoop]# vi core-site.xml

[root@systdt hadoop]# cat core-site.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>        <property>                <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>                <value>/usr/hadoop/tmp</value>                <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>        </property>        <property>                <name>fs.defaultFS</name>                <value>hdfs://Master.Hadoop:9000</value>        </property>        <property>                <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>                <value>4096</value>        </property></configuration>

6) vi hadoop-env.sh 和 yarn-env.sh 在开头添加如下环境变量(一定要添加切勿少了)

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/www/jdk1.7.0_71
7）vi hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>        <property>                <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>                <value>file:///usr/hadoop/dfs/name</value>        </property>        <property>                <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>                <value>file:///usr/hadoop/dfs/data</value>        </property>        <property>                <name>dfs.replication</name>                <value>2</value>        </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.nameservices</name>        <value>hadoop-cluster1</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:50090</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>        <value>true</value>    </property></configuration>

8) vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>        <property>                <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>                <value>yarn</value>                <final>true</final>        </property>    <property>        <name>mapreduce.jobtracker.http.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:50030</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:10020</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:19888</value>    </property>        <property>                <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>                <value>http://Master.Hadoop:9001</value>        </property></configuration>

9：vi yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><configuration>        <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->        <property>                <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>                <value>Master.Hadoop</value>        </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:8032</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:8030</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:8031</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:8033</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>        <value>Master.Hadoop:8088</value>    </property></configuration>

10）执行"hadoop dfsadmin -report" 命令

[root@systdt hadoop]#：<span style="font-family:verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:14px;color:#333333;font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none;">hadoop dfsadmin -report</span>

到此：单机的server就算是配好了，单机这个时候就可以启动起来的可以看看效果；

第四步:配置Hadoop的集群；
1）先修改10.2.10.27(即：Master.Hadoop)

[root@systdt hadoop]# pwd/opt/www/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop[root@systdt hadoop]# vi slavesSalve1.HadoopSalve2.Hadoop

2）登录：10.2.10.27 将hadoop-2.6.0整个的copy到另外两台机器上面

[root@systdt www]# scp -r /opt/www/hadoop-2.6.0 10.2.10.53:/opt/www/[root@systdt www]# scp -r /opt/www/hadoop-2.6.0 192.168.83.204:/opt/www/

3）配置两位两台机器上面的环境变量：重复第三步Master.Hadoop机器配置里面的(2,3,10步动作)
4）将三台机器的防火墙关闭掉：

[root@systdt www]# service iptables stop

到此：整个三台Hadoop的集群的机器算是配置完成了；

第五步:启动整个集群及其验证：

1）登录到：10.2.10.27 (即：Master.Hadoop的机器上面)

[root@systdt sbin]# pwd/opt/www/hadoop-2.6.0/sbin[root@systdt sbin]# start-all.sh

2）验证：

#Master上面的如下：[root@systdt sbin]# jps22984 NameNode23861 Jps23239 ResourceManager19766 NodeManager#Salve1和Salve2上面的如下：[root@systdt2 .ssh]# jps609 Jps30062 DataNode2024 Bootstrap30174 NodeManager

第六步:就可以通过浏览器访问了哦

http://10.2.10.27:8088/cluster/nodes

http://10.2.10.27:50070/dfshealth.html#tab-overview

最后:各个参数，各个配置文件都是什么意思，后面可以慢慢查看资料，先启动起来体会体会是怎么回事，然后可以慢慢研究；

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