C#操作excel(多种方法比较)

我们在做excel资料的时候，通常有以下方法。

一.导入导出excel常用方法：

1.用查询表的方式查询并show在数据集控件上。

public static string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =C:\\08.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";    public static DataSet ds;    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)    {                OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strCon);        string sql = "select * from [Sheet1$]";        conn.Open();        OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, strCon);        ds = new DataSet();        myCommand.Fill(ds, "[Sheet1$]");        conn.Close();        datagrid1.DataMember = "[Sheet1$]";        datagrid1.DataSource = ds;        datagrid1.DataBind();        //Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();        //excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);        //excel.Visible = true;    }

 

2.一个一个单元格的进行插入

 

        string str = @"Data Source=IT-428E4EA4B0C7\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TestBase;Integrated Security=True"; 2         SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str); 3         conn.Open(); 4         int n = 0; 5         for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++) 6         { 7             if (n > 3) 8                 break; 9             else10                 if (msheet.Cells.get_Range("A" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString() == "" && n <= 3)11                 { n++; }12                 else13                 {14  //循环获取excel单元格的值一次一次的插入，excuteSql为执行的存储过程15                      excuteSql(msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),16                        msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 1), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),17                        msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 2), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),18                         conn);19                     i = i + 3;20 21                 }22         }23 24         conn.Close();

二快速导入导出

1.我们都知道当向db里批量插入数据的时候我们会选择SqlBulkCopy

if (dataTable!=null && dataTable.Rows.Count!=0)
            {
                sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);
            } 

这个可以看 深山老林新发的一篇SQLServer中批量插入数据方式的性能对比下面是SqlBulkCopy的方法，这个方法有一个弊端就是当excel某一列即有文字，还有日期的时候，会出现null值，我在网上查了一些资料说连接字串加上;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'的时候会都当做字符处理，但是还是会出现一些bug，所以建议最好先把excel数据分析到datatable里然后再用SqlBulkCopy倒入数据库

  

 

// block copy to DB from Excel 2         //By xijun,  3         //step 1 create an excel file  C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\test.xls , fill cell(1,1) with "Data",cell(1,2) with "name" 4         //step 2 create table named "Data" with 2 column ("data","name") in your DB 5         //there the code below: 6         DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now; 7         Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString()); 8         string ExcelFile = @"C:\\20090916_Hub_Report.xls"; 9         string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'";10 11         using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))12         {13 14             excelConnection.Open();15             //Getting source data16             //非空讀入數據17             OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand("Select [Region],[CustomerPN],[RMA],[Date],[QTY],[Return/Pull] FROM [20090916_Hub_Report$]  ", excelConnection);18             // Initialize SqlBulkCopy object19 20             using (OleDbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())21             {22                 // Copy data to destination23                 string sqlConnectionString = @"Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Integrated Security=True";24                 using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))25                 {26                     bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "GDS_Hub_data";27                     //加入只加入一個列的話,那么就會其他數據庫列都默認為空。28                     bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Region", "region");29                     bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("CustomerPN", "customer_item_number");30                     bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("RMA", "Rma");31                     bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Date", "date");32                     bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("QTY", "Qty_1");33                     bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Return/Pull", "return_pull");34                     //bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数35                     //bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数36                     bulkCopy.BatchSize = 100;37                     bulkCopy.NotifyAfter = 100;38                     bulkCopy.WriteToServer((IDataReader)dr);39                     40 41                 }42             }43             //Closing connection44             excelConnection.Close();45         }46 47         DateTime t2 = DateTime.Now;48         Response.Write("<br>End time:" + t2.ToString());49         Response.Write("<br>use time:" + ((TimeSpan)(t2 - t1)).Milliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds");50         Response.Write("<br>inser record count :3307");

 2.快速导出db的数据到excel

这种方法就是利用

 Excel.QueryTables 
 Excel.QueryTable

Querytable把数据快速导入excel里。我们在做复杂报表的时候，这个用的是比较多了，但是单单会这个没有用，它只是快速的把db里的数据放放到excel里，

在做大量数据而且需要设定excel样式的时候我们会选择先用这种方法把数据导入excel一个临时sheet，再利sheet复制，sheet移动，和一些excel样式设定，以及

excel一个强大的自动填充的功能，那么这些就可以让我们快速的做出花样多试的excel报表，当然这个要求我们比较熟练office的操作，包括宏的操作。

  public string query_table_getdata(string sourpath) 2         { 3             string str_path = sourpath.Substring(0, sourpath.Length - 22); 4             str_path = str_path + "basic.xls"; 5             Excel.QueryTables m_objQryTables = null; 7             Excel.QueryTable m_objQryTable = null; 8             Excel.Application m_objExcel = null; 9             Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;10             Excel.Workbook m_objBook = null;11             Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null;12             Excel.Worksheet m_objSheet = null;13             Excel.Range m_objRange = null;14             m_objExcel = new Excel.Application();15             //try17             //{                m_objBooks = m_objExcel.Workbooks;19                 m_objBooks.Open(sourpath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,20                Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);21                 m_objBook = (Excel.Workbook)m_objBooks.get_Item(1);23                 m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;26                 m_objSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)m_objSheets.get_Item(1);27                 m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing);28                 m_objQryTables = m_objSheet.QueryTables;29                 string sqlstr = "SELECT [day01],[day02],[day03],[day04],[day05],[day06],[day07],[day08],[day09],[day10],[day11],[day12],[day13],[day14]";30                 sqlstr += ",[week01] ,[week02],[week03],[week04],[week05],[week06],[week07],[week08],[week09],[week10],[week11],[week12],[week13],[week14]";31                 sqlstr += ",[week15],[week16],[week17],[week18],[week19],[week20],[week21],[week22],[week23],[week24]";32                 sqlstr += " FROM [GDS_Service].[dbo].[GDS_Service_Report_Base] order by groupID ,id";33                              //可以放在配置文件里                string conn = @"Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;uid=xijun_ke;Password=12345678;
                   Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Persist Security Info=False;";35                 m_objQryTable = (Excel.QueryTable)m_objQryTables.Add("OLEDB;" + conn, m_objRange, sqlstr);37                 m_objQryTable.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertEntireRows;39                 m_objQryTable.Refresh(false);41                 m_objBook.SaveAs(str_path, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);42                 m_objBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);43             //}44             //catch (Exception ee)45             //{46             //    mp.WriteLog(ee.ToString());47             //}48             //finally49             //{                m_objExcel.Quit();51                 GC.Collect();52             //}            return str_path;54         }

com操作excel的一些特性操作：

 

range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";     //设置单元格格式为文本 range = (Range)worksheet.get_Range("A1", "E1");     //获取Excel多个单元格区域：本例做为Excel表头range.Merge(0);     //单元格合并动作worksheet.Cells[1, 1] = "Excel单元格赋值";     //Excel单元格赋值range.Font.Size = 15;     //设置字体大小range.Font.Underline=true;     //设置字体是否有下划线range.Font.Name="黑体";     设置字体的种类range.HorizontalAlignment=XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;     //设置字体在单元格内的对其方式range.ColumnWidth=15;     //设置单元格的宽度range.Cells.Interior.Color=System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255,204,153).ToArgb();     //设置单元格的背景色range.Borders.LineStyle=1;     //设置单元格边框的粗细range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb());     //给单元格加边框range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();     //自动调整列宽Range.HorizontalAlignment= xlCenter;     // 文本水平居中方式Range.VerticalAlignment= xlCenter     //文本垂直居中方式Range.WrapText=true;     //文本自动换行Range.Interior.ColorIndex=39;     //填充颜色为淡紫色Range.Font.Color=clBlue;     //字体颜色xlsApp.DisplayAlerts=false;     //保存Excel的时候，不弹出是否保存的窗口直接进行保存   workbook.SaveCopyAs(temp);/**////填入完信息之后另存到路径及文件名字

excel宏操作，sheet和单元格操作：

    /// <summary> 2     /// 讀取excel數據和插入公式 3     /// </summary> 4     /// <param name="sender"></param> 5     /// <param name="e"></param> 6     protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 7     { 8         DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now; 9         Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());10         Excel.Application excelkk = new Excel.Application();11         12         excelkk.Workbooks.Add(true);13         int row = 2;14         DataTable myTable = ds.Tables["[Sheet1$]"];15         for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Columns.Count; i++)16         {17             excelkk.Cells[1, 1 + i] = myTable.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString();18         }19         for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Rows.Count; i++)20         {21             for (int j = 0; j < myTable.Columns.Count; j++)22             {23                 excelkk.Cells[row, j + 1] = myTable.Rows[i][j].ToString();24             }25             26             row++;27         }28 29       30        //取得特定單元格的值31         excelkk.Visible = true;32         this.TextBoxChange.Text = excelkk.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing).Text.ToString();33         //表的單元格合并34         Excel.Range range1 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "D4");35         range1.Merge(Type.Missing);36         37         38         39         40         //想表格中插入求和的值41         Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);42         range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";43         range2.Calculate();44 45         //進行宏的循環應用與單元格的刪除和添加，多個單元格默認宏自動操作。46         Excel.Range range3 = excelkk.get_Range("B25","E25");47         range2.AutoFill(range3,Excel.XlAutoFillType.xlFillDefault);48         //刪除表的指定行數操作49         Excel.Range range7 = null;50         range7 = excelkk.get_Range(excelkk.Cells[2, 2], excelkk.Cells[4, 4]);51         range7.Select();52         range7.EntireRow.Delete(Excel.XlDirection.xlUp);53 54         //獲取最大用過的行數55         Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelkk.Worksheets.get_Item(1);56         int n =wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;57         Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");58         //MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());59         n = wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;60         Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");61         //MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());62         //數據的複製63         Excel.Range range4 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "B25");64         Excel.Range range5 = excelkk.get_Range("E3", "F25");65         //range4.get_Offset(1,4).Select();66         range4.Copy(range5);67         //停用警告信息68         excelkk.DisplayAlerts = false;69         GC.Collect();     70 71     }72 73 74 單個sheet里求和：75 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);76         range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";77         range2.Calculate();78 79 跨sheet求和：80  Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelSql.Worksheets.get_Item(1);81         Excel.Range range3 =wsheet1.get_Range("A23", Type.Missing);82         range3.Formula = "=Sheet3!B8+Sheet3!B12";83         range3.Calculate();84 

         虽然我们拥有强大的NPOI，不过我还是写出来，希望对大家理解office有一定的用处。

有错误的地方欢迎大家拍砖,希望交流和共享。