Android service的使用

来源:互联网 发布:python game engine 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/10 01:44

Android开发中,当需要创建在后台运行的程序的时候,就要使用到Service。Service 可以分为有无限生命和有限生命两种。特别需要注意的是Service跟Activities是不同的(简单来说可以理解为后台与前台的区别),例如,如果需要使用Service的话,需要调用startService(),从而利用startService()去调用Service中的OnCreate()和onStart()方法来启动一个后台的Service。
  启动一个Service的过程如下:context.startService()  ->onCreate()- >onStart()->Service running其中onCreate()可以进行一些服务的初始化工作,onStart()则启动服务。
  停止一个Service的过程如下:context.stopService() | ->onDestroy() ->Service stop
  接下来的实例是一个利用后台服务播放音乐的小例子,点击start运行服务,点击stop停止服务。

  ServicesDemo.java(是一个Activity)

  package com.android.myservice;

  import android.app.Activity;
  import android.content.Intent;
  import android.os.Bundle;
  import android.util.Log;
  import android.view.View;
  import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
  import android.widget.Button;

  public class ServiceDemo extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
      private static final String TAG = "ServiceDemo";
      Button buttonStart, buttonStop;

      @Override
      public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.main);

          buttonStart = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonStart);
          buttonStop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonStop);

          buttonStart.setOnClickListener(this);
          buttonStop.setOnClickListener(this);
      }

      public void onClick(View src) {
          switch (src.getId()) {
              case R.id.buttonStart:
                  Log.i(TAG, "onClick: starting service");
                  startService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));
                  break;
              case R.id.buttonStop:
                  Log.i(TAG, "onClick: stopping service");
                  stopService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));
                  break;
          }
      }
  }
  除此之外还要在Manifest里面声明服务:(AndroidManifest.xml)
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

  <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.android.myservice">
      <application android:label="@string/app_name">
          <activity android:name=".ServiceDemo" android:label="@string/app_name">
              <intent-filter>
                  <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                  <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
              </intent-filter>
          </activity>
          <service android:enabled="true" android:name=".MyService"/>
      </application>
  </manifest>

  定义Service(MyService.java)
  package com.android.myservice;

  import android.app.Service;
  import android.content.Intent;
  import android.media.MediaPlayer;
  import android.os.IBinder;
  import android.util.Log;
  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MyService extends Service {
      private static final String TAG = "MyService";
      MediaPlayer player;

      @Override
      public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
          return null;
      }

      @Override
      public void onCreate() {
          Toast.makeText(this, "My Service created", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
          Log.i(TAG, "onCreate");

          player = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.braincandy);
          player.setLooping(false);
      }

      @Override
      public void onDestroy() {
          Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Stoped", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
          Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy");
          player.stop();
      }

      @Override
      public void onStart(Intent intent, int startid) {
          Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Start", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
          Log.i(TAG, "onStart");
          player.start();
      }
  }
  layout文件夹中是main.xml
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      android:orientation="vertical"
      android:layout_width="fill_parent"
      android:layout_height="fill_parent"
      android:gravity="center">
  <TextView 
      android:layout_width="fill_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/services_demo" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="20sp" android:padding="20dp"/>
  <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/buttonStart" android:text="@string/start"></Button>
  <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/stop" android:id="@+id/buttonStop"></Button>
  </LinearLayout>

  values 文件夹中是strings.xml
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

  <resources>
      <string name="start">Start</string>
      <string name="stop">Stop</string>
      <string name="services_demo">Service Demo</string>
  </resources>


from:http://android.tgbus.com/Android/tutorial/201107/359322.shtml


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