SpringMVC相关笔记

`#Springmvc中的部分配置

SpringMVC配置–在web.xml中搭建

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5"     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">    <!-- 1.注册springmvc核心控制器 -->    <servlet>        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <!-- 设置加载应用上下文路径,默认为WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-context.xml -->        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>    <!-- 2.注册ContextLoaderListener -->    <listener>        <listener-class>            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener        </listener-class>    </listener>    <context-param>        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>classpath:root.xml</param-value>    </context-param>    <!--  1和2会各自加载一个Spring应用上下文，可以分别设置xml文件地址 -->    <!-- 注册spring核心编码过滤器 -->    <filter>        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>encoding</param-name>            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>        </init-param>    </filter>       <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping></web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"      xsi:schemaLocation="      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd      ">    <import resource="xxxxx"/></beans>   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xsi:schemaLocation="      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd      ">    <!-- Action，让springioc容器去扫描带@Controller的类 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app23"/></beans>      

SpringMVC配置–设置web.xml基于java的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5"     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"><!-- 指定使用java类进行配置 --><context-param>    <param-name>contextClass</param-name>    <param-value>    org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContex    </param-value></context-param><!-- 指定根配置类 --><context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <!-- 设置根配置类的类路径 -->    <param-value>    xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.RootConfigClass    </param-value></context-param><listener>    <listener-class>        org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener    </listener-class></listener><!-- 指定Springmvc核心控制器类 --><servlet>        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <!-- 指定使用java类进行配置 -->        <init-param>            <param-name>contextClass</param-name>            <param-value>                org.springframework.web.context.support.                            AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContex            </param-value>        </init-param>        <!-- 指定java配置类的类路径 -->        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>            xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.WebConfigClass            </param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

配置类具体参见P141

Springmvc中的映射器、适配器、视图解析器

-----------------------------全部通过xml文件进行配置---------------------------------<!-- 控制器(程序员) -->    <bean id="HelloActionID" name="/hello.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.base.HelloAction"></bean>  <!-- 映射器(框架) -->      <!-- 1.BeanNameUrlHandler(默认)(一个路径对应一个Action) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>    <!-- 2.SimpleUrlHandler(多个路径对应同一个Action) -->       <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">            <property name="mappings">                <props>                    <prop key="/x1.action">HelloActionID</prop>                    <prop key="/x2.action">HelloActionID</prop>                    <prop key="/x3.action">HelloActionID</prop>                </props>            </property>      </bean><!-- 控制器与映射器搭配使用 --><!-- 控制器(框架) --><!-- ParameterizableViewController，如果请求是/hello.action的请求路径，则直接跳转到/jsp/success.jsp页面，不经过程序员定义的控制器Action -->      <bean name="/index.action" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController">            <property name="viewName" value="/index.jsp"/>      </bean>    <!-- 适配器(框架)，控制类需要实现Controller接口-->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>      <!-- 视图解析器(框架) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <!-- 真实路径可以不配置 -->        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>    </bean>  </beans>

通过注解配置控制器（推荐）

      <!-- Action控制器，启用注解扫描（必须） -->      <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.helloannotation"/>         <!-- 基于注解的映射器(可选) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>      <!-- 基于注解的适配器(可选) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>      <!-- 添加JSON转换功能 -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">            <property name="messageConverters">                <list>                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/>                </list>            </property>      </bean>      <!-- 视图解析器(可选)（如果为逻辑地址则需要配置） -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"/>

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction {    //以JSON格式返回对象    @RequestMapping(value="/add")    public @ResponseBody User add(User user) throws Exception{        System.out.println(user.getId()+":"+user.getName()+":"+user.getSal());        return user;    }}

package cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.helloannotation@Controller     //指明当前类为控制器类。自动创建对象并加入ioc容器@RequestMapping(value="/user")   //配置一级映射路径public class UserAction {    /**     * 用户注册，只能接收POST请求     */    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST,value="/register")    public String registerMethod(Model model,String username,String salary) throws Exception{        System.out.println("用户注册-->" + username + ":" + salary);        model.addAttribute("message","员工注册成功");        return "/jsp/success.jsp";    //真实地址        /* 可以用redirect:  或者 forward: 标记，会自动解析进行重定向或者转发             例:  return "forward:/user/add.action";        */    }    /**     * 用户登录，即能接收POST请求，又能接收GET请求     */    @RequestMapping(value="/login")   //配置二级映射路径    public String loginMethod(Model model,String username) throws Exception{        System.out.println("用户登录-->" + username);        model.addAttribute("message","员工登录成功");        return "/jsp/success.jsp";    }    //将参数自动注入相应的对象    @RequestMapping(value="/addUser")    public void testBinderOuput(@ModelAttribute User user, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){            System.out.println(user);        }   }

public Class User{      private String name;          private int sex;          private String address;      private int id;  

请求路径：
localhost/user/addUser 现在需要将参数自动传入user对象中去
如果后台表单中的name=”name” value=”test”
那么user.name=”test”;
如果后台表单中的name=”user.name” value=”test”
那么user.name=null;
默认情况下springMVC是不支持user.name这种传参方式的。

——————多个对象中有相同属性的情况下———————
如果有个对象manager中也有name这个相同的属性，那么可以采用user.name，manager.name来传输参数。

1.在controller中添加一个前缀绑定：

 @InitBinder("manager")        public void initBinder1(WebDataBinder binder) {                binder.setFieldDefaultPrefix("manager.");        }        @InitBinder("user")        public void initBinder2(WebDataBinder binder) {                binder.setFieldDefaultPrefix("user.");        }    

2.设计一个包装类Bean
Bean中有User和Manager两个成员变量
此时可以通过user.name manager.name直接向后台传递参数

@RequestMappting("/getBean")public void testBinderOuput(@ModelAttribute Bean bean, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){            User user = bean.getUser();           Manager manager = bean.getManager();      }   

Springmvc将提交给后台的参数自动注入到方法的参数中去，是通过方法参数的名字来识别的，但不是通过反射实现的。
通过获取该方法对应的Method对象的class对象(method.getClass()),然后将该class对象转为输入流读取到参数的具体名称后实现的.